Episodic and Thematic media framing of Ukraine crisis: an analysis of two Bangladeshi newspapers
Keywords:
Episodic & Thematic Framing, Crisis frames, Ukraine crisis, Bangladeshi NewspapersAbstract
This research article examines the framing strategies employed by Bangladeshi newspapers to report on the Ukraine crisis, aiming to shape audience perception. The article sought to identify the categories of news presentation and analyze the emphasis placed on the reports from two national dailies, focusing on thematic and episodic aspects. The findings indicate that each newspaper adopted a distinct approach to conveying the crisis to its audience, highlighting differences in thematic and episodic news framing. Three specific frames were identified for episodic and thematic news after analyzing 294 news reports. The thematic frameworks included Political, Economic, and Humanitarian, while the episodic frames comprised Human Interest, Violence, and Military and Arms. The research also found that the newspapers predominantly relied on agency sources for their reporting.
References
References
Altheide, D. L. (1995). An ecology of communication: Cultural formats of control. Aldine de Gruyter.
Andersson Milenkovic, J. A. (2023). Between East and West: How Serbian journalists cover the war in Ukraine: A qualitative study investigating how journalism culture shapes Serbian coverage when framing the conflict in Ukraine.
Ansolabehere, S., Behr, R., & Iyengar, S. (1991). Mass media and elections: An overview. American Politics Quarterly, 19(1), 109-139.Bielsa, E., & Bassnett, S. (2008). Translation in global news. Routledge.
Binderkrantz, A., Halpin, D., & Pedersen, H. (2020). From policy interest to media appearance: Interest group activity and media bias. The International Journal Press/Politics, 25(4), 712-731.
Brantner C, Lobinger K and Wetzstein I (2011) Effects of visual framing on emotional responses and evaluations of news stories about the Gaza conflict 2009. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 88(3): 523–540.
Courter, I. J. (2022). Russian preinvasion influence activities in the War with Ukraine. MILITARY REVIEW, 1.
Dada, O. D. (2022). A look at media subtle act of bias and framing in Russia-Ukraine crisis. Available at SSRN 4277332.
DFP. (2023). Newspaper circulation number and advertisement rates. Department of Film and Publication. Available at http://www. dfp.gov.bd/
Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Towards clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51-58.
Entman, R. M. (2007). Framing bias: Media in the distribution of power. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 163-173.
Gruley, J., & Duvall, C. S. (2012). The evolving narrative of the Darfur conflict as represented in The New York Times and The Washington Post, 2003-2009. GeoJournal, 77, 29-46.
Iyengar, S. (1991). Is Anyone Responsible? How Television Frames Political Issues. The University of Chicago Press.
Jowett, G. S., & O’Donnell, V. (2012). What is propaganda, and how does it differ from persuasion. ? Propaganda & persuasion, 1-48.
Giles, K. (2016). Russia’s ‘new’tools for confronting the West: Continuity and innovation in Moscow’s exercise of power.
Knightley, P. (2004). The first casualty: The war correspondent as hero and myth-maker from the Crimea to Iraq. JHU Press.
Lichtenstein, D., Esau, K., Pavlova, L., Osipov, D., & Argylov, N. (2019). Framing the Ukraine crisis: A comparison between talk show debates in Russian and German television. International Communication Gazette, 81(1), 66–88.
Liu, N. X. (2017). Same perspective, different effect: Framing the economy through financial news translation. Perspectives, 25(3), 452–463.
Mäenpää, O. (2022). A Critical Discourse Analysis on the Reporting of the Ukrainian
Makhortykh, M., & Sydorova, M. (2017). Social media and visual framing of the conflict in Eastern Ukraine. Media, War and Conflict, 10(3), 359-381.
Nelson, T. E., & Kinder, D. R. (1996). Issue frames and group centrism in American public opinion. Journal of Politics, 58, 1055–1078.
Nelson, T. E., & Kinder, D. R. (1996). Issue frames and group-centrism in American public opinion. The Journal of Politics, 58(4), 1055-1078.
Linström, M., & Marais, W. (2012). Qualitative news frame analysis: A methodology.
Neuendorf, K. A. (2002). The content analysis guidebook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Nygren, G., Glowacki, M., Hök, J., Kiria, I., Orlova, D., & Taradai, D. (2018). Journalism in the Crossfire: Media coverage of the war in Ukraine in 2014. Journalism Studies, 19(7), 1059-1078.
Ojala, M., & Pantti, M. (2017). Naturalizing the new Cold War: The geopolitics of framing the Ukrainian conflict in four European newspapers. Global Media and Communication, 13(1), 41-56.
Patrick, D. (2016). A concern for humanity? Anglo-American press coverage of Bosnia and Rwanda, 1992-1995. International Politics, 53(1), 138-153.
Peleg, O. (2006). Framing the war in the Israeli press: The case of the Al-Aqsa intifada.
Peleg, O. (2007). The framing of the Israeli Palestinian conflict in the British press: A study of the Independent and the Guardian.
Richardson, J. E. (2007). Analyzing Newspapers. An Approach from Critical Discourse Analysis. Palgrave Macmillan
Roman, N., Wanta, W., & Buniak, I. (2017). Information wars: Eastern Ukraine military conflict coverage in the Russian, Ukrainian and U.S. newscasts. International Communication Gazette, 79(4), 357–378.
Rothe, D. (2006). The masquerade of Abu Ghraib: State crime, torture, and international law. Western Michigan University.
Roy, A., & Paul, P. (2022). Indian Televisual News Discourse on the Russia-Ukraine War. Paper Seris dalam Discourse Net Collaborative Working.
RSF's 2022 World Press Freedom Index: New era of polarization. (2022). Reporters Without Borders. https://rsf.org/en/rsf-s-2022-world-press-freedom-index-new-era-polarisation
Rutten E and Zvereva V (2013) Introduction: Old conflicts, new media: post-socialist digital memories. In: Rutten E et al. (eds) Memory, Conflict and New Media: Web Wars in the Post-Socialist States. London: Routledge, 1–19.
Rutten, E., Fedor, J., & Zvereva, V. (2013). Memory, Conflict and New Media. Web wars in post.
Semetko, H. A., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2000). Framing European politics: A Content Analysis of Press and Television News. Journal of Communication, 50(2), 93-109.
Taradai, D. (2013). Domestication of international conflicts in Ukrainian TV coverage: overlapping between political and media discourses. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.
Fengler, S., Kreutler, M., Alku, M., Barlovac, B., Bastian, M., Bodrunova, S. S., ... & Zguri, R. (2020). The Ukraine conflict and the European media: A comparative study of newspapers in 13 European countries. Journalism, 21(3), 399-422.
Torbakov, I. (2022, March 10). Russia's invasion of Ukraine: "It's worse than a crime, it's a mistake".
Vrba, P. (2016). The framing of the war in Ukraine in the U.S. media. University of Amsterdam.
VRBA, P. (2022). The framing of the war in Ukraine in the US media.
Zillmann, D. (2002). Exemplification theory of media influence. In Media effects (pp. 29-52). Routledge.
